Green Chemistry Approaches in Organic Synthesis: Minimizing Environmental Impact

Abstract

Green chemistry has become a pivotal focus in organic synthesis, aiming to reduce the environmental impact of chemical processes by promoting safer, more efficient, and sustainable methods. recent advancements in green chemistry approaches, including the use of renewable feedstocks, biodegradable solvents, and alternative energy sources such as microwave and ultrasonic irradiation. Additionally, the adoption of atom-economical reactions, catalysis, and waste minimization strategies has revolutionized the field. Emphasizing key developments in biocatalysis, solvent-free reactions, and the application of greener reagents, this paper discusses how these innovations contribute to reducing toxicity, waste generation, and energy consumption. By incorporating green chemistry principles into organic synthesis, researchers are paving the way for more environmentally friendly processes that align with global sustainability goals. The review also addresses current challenges and future directions for integrating green chemistry more widely into industrial-scale operations.